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2025-07-08
Premature bolting affects yield and quality in Chinese cabbage, highlighting the importance of identifying bolting resistance genes. This study identifies an orphan gene, BR3 (BOLTING RESISTANCE 3), in Arabidopsis thaliana as a positive regulator of bolting resistance. BR3 is expressed during the seedling and flowering stages and localizes to the plasma membrane and nucleus. Overexpression of BR3 (BR3OE) delays bolting and flowering under both long-day and short-day conditions, with increased rosette leaf number and reduced plant height. Key flowering genes are downregulated in BR3OE plants. GA₃ treatment induces early flowering in both BR3OE and wild type (WT) plants, but BR3OE still flowers later than WT. In Chinese cabbage, BR3 shows co-expression with DELLA genes BrRGA1 and BrRGL3, suggesting a regulatory role through the GA pathway. This study offers new insights into bolting resistance mechanisms and provides valuable targets for breeding bolting-resistant Chinese cabbage varieties.
2025-07-03
Literature Sharing | Regulation of co-translational mRNA decay by PAP and DXO1 in Arabidopsis
This study investigates the regulation of the co-translational mRNA decay (CTRD) pathway in Arabidopsis, a critical mechanism for maintaining mRNA homeostasis. The researchers found that 3ʹ-phosphoadenosine 5ʹ-phosphate (PAP), an inhibitor of exoribonucleases, affects CTRD activity. Specifically, they showed that loss of FRY1 impairs XRN4-dependent CTRD and that exogenous PAP treatment stabilizes CTRD target mRNAs. Additionally, they discovered that another PAP-sensitive exoribonuclease, DXO1, also contributes to CTRD, likely by acting on NAD⁺-capped mRNAs involved in stress responses. These findings reveal new layers of regulation and additional players in the CTRD pathway in plants.
2025-07-01
This study uncovers a novel immune regulatory pathway in Arabidopsis thaliana involving two UDP-glycosyltransferases, UGT73C3 and UGT73C4, which are highly induced by Pseudomonas syringae infection. Overexpression of these genes enhances disease resistance, while their double mutation compromises immunity. Metabolomic analysis and biochemical assays reveal that UGT73C3/C4 glycosylate pinoresinol into its mono- and diglucoside forms, which promote immune responses by boosting ROS production and callose deposition. Additionally, the transcription factor HB34 directly activates UGT73C3/C4 expression, linking transcriptional regulation to glycosylation-mediated immunity. This work highlights the physiological significance of UGTs in plant defense through pinoresinol glycosylation.
2025-06-27
This study investigates salt stress tolerance in pears and identifies 35 salt-tolerant genes using a yeast expression library. Among them, PbARP1 was found to be significantly upregulated under salt stress in 'Duli' pear (Pyrus betulaefolia). Functional analyses showed that overexpression of PbARP1 in transgenic pear calli enhanced salt tolerance, while its suppression increased sensitivity to salt stress. Silencing PbARP1 also altered the expression of key ABA signaling genes, including PbPYL4, PbPYL9, PbPYL8, PbSRK2I, and PbABI5, suggesting that PbARP1 modulates salt stress responses through the ABA signaling pathway. Furthermore, PbPYL8, an ABA receptor, was identified as a protein interacting with PbARP1, highlighting its pivotal role in ABA-mediated salt stress regulation in pear.
2025-06-24
This study uncovers a regulatory mechanism linking transcriptional control and posttranslational modification in strawberry fruit ripening. The MADS-box transcription factor FaCMB1 acts as a negative regulator of ripening, with both its transcript and protein levels decreasing during fruit development, a process enhanced by ABA. Functional manipulation of FaCMB1 significantly affected ripening and ABA content.
2025-06-20
This study reveals that the flavonoid 3′-hydroxylase gene GmF3′H plays a key role in enhancing salt tolerance in soybean by regulating redox homeostasis. Using CRISPR/Cas9 knockout and overexpression approaches, the researchers demonstrated that GmF3′H competitively interacts with CSN5B, disrupting its binding to VTC1, a key enzyme in ascorbic acid biosynthesis. This redirection of metabolic flux toward the L-galactose pathway leads to increased ascorbic acid (AsA) levels, enhancing ROS scavenging capacity and improving salt stress tolerance during seed germination and seedling growth.
2025-06-17
This study investigates the role of CmCYC1a, a CYC1 subclade gene from the ECE (CYC/TB1) family, in the floral development of Chrysanthemum morifolium. The gene was found to be more highly expressed in disc florets than in ray florets, with expression increasing during the flowering process. Functional analysis through overexpression in Arabidopsis thaliana revealed that CmCYC1a can alter floral symmetry from actinomorphic to zygomorphic and reduce the number of stamens. Additionally, yeast two-hybrid assays showed that CmCYC1a interacts with CmCYC2b, CmCYC2d, and CmCYC2f. These findings suggest that CmCYC1a contributes to the regulation of flower symmetry and stamen development in Chrysanthemum morifolium, and, together with CYC2 genes, may play a coordinated role in capitulum formation, providing new insights into the function of ECE genes in Asteraceae.
2025-06-12
This study investigates the role of MOF1 in male meiosis in rice. Two MOF1 mutant lines in the Nipponbare background showed reduced seed setting and pollen fertility due to impaired male meiotic bivalent formation. RNA-seq and RT-qPCR revealed that MOF1 does not affect the expression of known meiotic genes, suggesting it may not act as a transcription factor in meiosis.
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